Habits of programming in scratch Publikationsdatum:
 Zu finden in: ITiCSE 2011 (Seite 168 bis 172), 2011
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Abstracts
Visuelle Programmierumgebungen wie Scratch führen dazu, dass bottom-up und sehr feingranular programmiert wird. Dies widerspricht den Grundsätzen der Informatik für gute Programmentwicklung, die eher top-down und klare Strukturen empfehlen. Sind somit visuelle Programmiersprachen gut für den Einstieg, aber schlecht für die spätere Vertiefung?Visual programming environments are widely used to introduce young people to computer science and programming; in particular, they encourage learning by exploration. During our research on teaching and learning computer science concepts with Scratch, we discovered that Scratch engenders certain habits of programming: (a) a totally bottom-up development process that starts with the individual Scratch blocks, and (b) a tendency to extremely fine-grained programming. Both these behaviors are at odds with accepted practice in computer science that encourages one: (a) to start by designing an algorithm to solve a problem, and (b) to use programming constructs to cleanly structure programs. Our results raise the question of whether exploratory learning with a visual programming environment might actually be detrimental to more advanced study.
From Orni Meerbaum-Salant, Michal Armoni, Mordechai Ben-Ari im Konferenz-Band ITiCSE 2011 in the text Habits of programming in scratch (2011) 
Comments
Probably the paper that most influenced my thinking was Orni Meerbaum-Salant’s paper on Habits of Programming in Scratch (same session). They studied a bunch of students’ work in Scratch, and identified a number of common misconceptions and errors. What was fascinating was that the bugs looked (to me) a lot like the ones that Elliot Soloway found with the Rainfall Problem, and the issues with concurrency were like the ones that Mitchel Resnick found with Multilogo and that John Pane found with HANDS. That suggests that changing the environment doesn’t change the kinds of errors students are making. And since all student programming misconceptions come from our instruction (i.e., students don’t know much about programming before we teach them programming), it means that we’ve been teaching programming in basically (from a cognitive perspective) the same way since Pascal.
This conference paper mentions...
Programmieren
Scratch
This conference paperdoes probably not mention... 
Nicht erwähnte Begriffe | Informatik-Unterricht (Fachinformatik), Informatikunterricht in der Schule |
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29 References
- Learnable Programming - Blocks and Beyond (David Bau, Jeff Gray, Caitlin Kelleher, Josh Sheldon, Franklyn A. Turbak)
- Visual Program Simulation in Introductory Programming Education (Juha Sorva) (2012)
- SIGCSE 2012 - Proceedings of the 43rd ACM technical symposium on Computer science education, SIGCSE 2012, Raleigh, NC, USA, February 29 - March 3, 2012 (Laurie A. Smith King, David R. Musicant, Tracy Camp, Paul T. Tymann) (2012)
- What do students learn about programming from game, music video, and storytelling projects? (Joel C. Adams, Andrew R. Webster) (2012)
- What do students learn about programming from game, music video, and storytelling projects? (Joel C. Adams, Andrew R. Webster) (2012)
- Computer Science Education 3/2013 (2013)
- Learning computer science concepts with Scratch (Orni Meerbaum-Salant, Michal Armoni, Mordechai Ben-Ari) (2013)
- Learning computer science concepts with Scratch (Orni Meerbaum-Salant, Michal Armoni, Mordechai Ben-Ari) (2013)
- WiPSCE 2014 - Proceedings of the 9th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, Berlin, Germany, November 5-7, 2014 (Carsten Schulte, Michael E. Caspersen, Judith Gal-Ezer) (2014)
- Should your 8-year-old learn coding? (Caitlin Duncan, Tim Bell, Steve Tanimoto) (2014)
- Scratch vs. Karel - impact on learning outcomes and motivation (Alexander Ruf, Andreas Mühling, Peter Hubwieser) (2014)
- Should your 8-year-old learn coding? (Caitlin Duncan, Tim Bell, Steve Tanimoto) (2014)
- Minding the gap between blocks-based and text-based programming (David Weintrop) (2015)
- ICER 2015 - Proceedings of the eleventh annual International Conference on International Computing Education Research, ICER 2015, Omaha, NE, USA, August 09 - 13, (Brian Dorn, Judy Sheard, Quintin I. Cutts) (2015)
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- SIGCSE 2017 - Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, Seattle, WA, USA, March 8-11, 2017 (Michael E. Caspersen, Stephen H. Edwards, Tiffany Barnes, Daniel D. Garcia) (2017)
- From Blocks to Text and Back - Programming Patterns in a Dual-Modality Environment (David Weintrop, Nathan R. Holbert) (2017)
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- Programming Paradigms and Beyond (Shriram Krishnamurthi, Kathi Fisler) (2018)
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- Text-based Programming in Elementary School - A Comparative Study of Programming Abilities in Children with and without Block-based Experience (Marcos J. Gomez, Marco Moresi, Luciana Benotti) (2019)
- Text-based Programming in Elementary School - A Comparative Study of Programming Abilities in Children with and without Block-based Experience (Marcos J. Gomez, Marco Moresi, Luciana Benotti) (2019)
- Proceedings of the 14th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, WiPSCE 2019, Glasgow, Scotland, UK, October 23-25, 2019 (2019)
- Discriminating Programming Strategies in Scratch - Making the Difference between Novice and Experienced Programmers (Max Kesselbacher, Andreas Bollin) (2019)
- How to Transform Programming Processes in Scratch to Graphical Visualizations (Alexandra Simon, Katharina Geldreich, Peter Hubwieser) (2019)
- Improving Scratch Programming with CRC-Card Design (Sebastian Keller, Maren Krafft, Gordon Fraser, Neil Walkinshaw, Korbinian Otto, Barbara Sabitzer) (2019)
- Discriminating Programming Strategies in Scratch - Making the Difference between Novice and Experienced Programmers (Max Kesselbacher, Andreas Bollin) (2019)
- Impacts of Block-based Programming on Young Learners’ Programming Skills and Attitudes in the Context of Smart Environments (Mazyar Seraj) (2020)
- WiPSCE '20 - Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, Virtual Event, Germany, October 28-30, 2020 (Torsten Brinda, Michal Armoni) (2020)
- Revisiting code smells in block based languages (Kashif Amanullah, Tim Bell) (2020)
- Revisiting code smells in block based languages (Kashif Amanullah, Tim Bell) (2020)
- DELFI 2021 (Andrea Kienle, Andreas Harrer, Jörg M. Haake, Andreas Lingnau) (2021)
- The Impact of Guidance and Feedback in Game-Based Computational Thinking Environments (Sven Manske, Alexia Feier, Philip Frese, Pia Hölzel, Maurice Iffländer Rodriguez, Joshua Körner, Aron Lichte, Lena Otto Lena Otto de Mentock, Melinda Kocak, Natalia Szymczyk, Dilan Temel, Mathis Haefs, Nina Kersting, Rebekka C. Liewald, Daniel Bodemer)
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- WiPSCE '21 - The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, Virtual Event / Erlangen, Germany, October 18-20, 2021 (Marc Berges, Andraes Mühling, Michal Armoni) (2021)
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- Pytch - an environment for bridging block and text programming styles - (Work in progress) (Glenn Strong, Ben North) (2021)
- Code Perfumes - Reporting Good Code to Encourage Learners (Florian Obermüller, Lena Bloch, Luisa Greifenstein, Ute Heuer, Gordon Fraser) (2021)
- Informatics in Schools. Rethinking Computing Education - 14th International Conference on Informatics in Schools: Situation, Evolution, and Perspectives, ISSEP 2021, Virtual Event, November 3–5, 2021 (Erik Barendsen, Christos Chytas) (2021)
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