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The Charisma Machine

The Life, Death, and Legacy of One Laptop per Child
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iconZusammenfassungen

The Charisma MachineA fascinating examination of technological utopianism and its complicated consequences.
Von Klappentext im Buch The Charisma Machine (2019)
Mark GuzdialThe quickest possible summary of the book might be that Negroponte convinced a bunch of people to buy into his vision for the XO laptop, and he turned out to be wrong. The point of the book isn’t the punchline, but is Morgan’s storytelling and empathy that she has for all the participants in the narrative. She understands the big and important vision that Negroponte was promoting and why he was promoting it. She develops the construct of "charisma" to explain why people bought in to this vision. Most of all, she has empathy for the teachers and children who tried to use the XO laptop — mostly unsuccessfully.
Von Mark Guzdial im Text Developing Computational Solutions With Humility (2020)
The Charisma MachineIn The Charisma Machine, Morgan Ames chronicles the life and legacy of the One Laptop per Child project and explains why—despite ist failures—the same utopian visions that inspired OLPC still motivate other projects trying to use technology to “disrupt” education and development.
Announced in 2005 by MIT Media Lab cofounder Nicholas Negroponte, One Laptop per Child promised to transform the lives of children across the Global South with a small, sturdy, and cheap laptop computer, powered by a hand crank. In reality, the project fell short in many ways—starting with the hand crank, which never materialized. Yet the project remained charismatic to many who were captivated by ist claims of access to educational opportunities previously out of reach. Behind ist promises, OLPC, like many technology projects that make similarly grand claims, had a fundamentally flawed vision of who the computer was made for and what role technology should play in learning.
Drawing on fifty years of history and a seven-month study of a model OLPC project in Paraguay, Ames reveals that the laptops were not only frustrating to use, easy to break, and hard to repair, they were designed for “technically precocious boys”—idealized younger versions of the developers themselves—rather than the children who were actually using them. The Charisma Machine offers a cautionary tale about the allure of technology hype and the problems that result when utopian dreams drive technology development.
Von Klappentext im Buch The Charisma Machine (2019)
The Charisma MachineOne Laptop per Child serves as a case study in the complicated consequences of technological utopianism. The puzzle of this book is to untangle what made this project and its laptop so captivating and even the most outrageous claims about it so compelling. Despite OLPC’s high profile, hailing from the MIT Media Lab and becoming known around the world, very little is known about how the project’s laptops have been used day to day and what impact they have had—a gap this book will fill. But the reasons this is important go beyond mere historical interest. We will see that the same utopian impulses that inspired OLPC had also inspired previous starry-eyed projects in education and development—and they have continued to inspire subsequent projects, from massive open online courses (or MOOCs) to makerspaces, from technology-centric charter schools to coding boot camps. All of these projects have had material effects in the world, some positive, some negative. Although I will explore these dimensions, my primary goal here is not to pass judgment on what counts as a good intervention. More importantly, all of them have failed to achieve their utopian goals—yet it seems as if many technologists, designers, educators, policy makers, and others have failed to learn lessons from them, instead remaining moonstruck about the potential for technological transformation.
This book is thus more than just an account of One Laptop per Child. It is a cautionary tale about technology hype that explains how technologies become charismatic and what the consequences of that charisma can be. We will reach a half century into the past and across the globe to critically examine the consequences of utopia-inspired design, technology’s role in play and learning, and the sometimes-fuzzy divide between education and entertainment. We will begin with this central question: why did so many so enthusiastically accept Negroponte’s and OLPC’s claims—especially when similar promises had been made and broken before? Then, we will explore how these promises were kept, broken, or transformed when OLPC’s laptops were put to use. Were the charismatic visions of OLPC compelling—or even recognizable—to the project’s intended audience of children in the Global South? Finally, we will examine OLPC’s legacy. How have the same promises lived on in new projects, even after the dissolution of the original One Laptop per Child foundation and its apparent failure to achieve its lofty goals?
Von Morgan Ames im Buch The Charisma Machine (2019)

iconBemerkungen zu diesem Buch

Beat Döbeli HoneggerWarum ich dieses Buch erfasst habe: Ich fand die Idee hinter OLPC auch viele Jahre spannend und inspirierend. Insofern ist es relevant, diese kritische Betrachtung des Projekts zu lesen.
Von Beat Döbeli Honegger, erfasst im Biblionetz am 06.08.2020

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Personen
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Lars Bo Andersen, Arjun Appadurai, Analí Baraibar, Sonja Baumer, Genevieve Bell, Nick Bilton, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Karen Brennan, John Seely Brown, Corinne Büching, Michel Callon, Katie Clinton, Rachel Cody, Allan Collins, Larry Cuban, Paul Dourish, P. Duguid, Evelyn Eastmond, Paul N. Edwards, Nathan L. Ensmenger, Helena Ferro, Allan Fisher, Idit Harel, Becky Herr-Stephenson, Heather Horst, Mizuko Ito, Henry Jenkins, Mary Lou Jepsen, Yasmin B. Kafai, Rob Kling, Timothy D. Koschmann, D. Midian Kurland, Patricia G. Lange, Bruno Latour, John Law, Steven Levy, Dilan Mahendran, John Maloney, Jane Margolis, Katynka Z. Martínez, Tina Matuchniak, Marshall McLuhan, Amon Millner, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Vincent Mosco, Nicholas Negroponte, Pablo Pagés, Seymour Papert, C.J. Pascoe, Roy Pea, Laura Pérez, Martín Pérez, Dan Perkel, Ravi Purushotma, Mitchel Resnick, Laura Robinson, Alice J. Robison, Eric Rosenbaum, Natalie Rusk, Ignacio Salamano, Jay Silver, Brian Silverman, Christo Sims, Lisa Tripp, Julia Walter-Herrmann, Mark Warschauer, Margaret Weigel

Begriffe
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Bildungeducation (Bildung), Charisma, Chromebook, Computercomputer, Coursera, Curriculum / Lehrplancurriculum, Digitalisierung, Google, Hackerhacker, Hardwarehardware, Khan Academy, Kinderchildren, Konstruktionismusconstructionism, Kreativitätcreativity, LehrerInteacher, Lernenlearning, maker movementmaker movement, Media Lab (MIT)Media Lab (MIT), MIT, MOOCMassive Open Online Course, Notebooklaptop, OLPCOne Laptop per Child Project, Programmierenprogramming, Programmierkonzepteprogramming concepts, Schuleschool, Scratch, Softwaresoftware, TabletTablet, Technologietechnology, Udacity
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Bücher
Jahr  Umschlag Titel Abrufe IBOBKBLB
local  The Computer Boys Take Over (Nathan L. Ensmenger) 20, 5, 9, 1, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 6, 4, 411104443
1966 local  Understanding Media (Marshall McLuhan) 6, 2, 12, 2, 7, 8, 2, 3, 1, 10, 7, 31453132962
1982 local web  Mindstorms (Seymour Papert) 14, 7, 17, 2, 4, 13, 4, 5, 3, 8, 13, 83244785803
1986 Teachers and Machines (Larry Cuban) 2, 10, 3, 9, 2, 2, 6, 2, 2, 7, 5, 445341087
1990 Constructionism (Idit Harel, Seymour Papert) 8, 6, 2, 26, 4, 1, 8, 5, 1, 3, 4, 41276141519
1991 A Sociology of Monsters (John Law) 16, 2, 7, 1, 3, 13, 2, 7, 2, 6, 3, 333143589
1995  local  Total Digital (Nicholas Negroponte) 11, 8, 17, 2, 4, 11, 2, 6, 1, 6, 9, 71205378360
1996 local  Computerization and Controversy (Rob Kling) 2, 1, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1131187
1996 local  Modernity at Large (Arjun Appadurai) 4, 6, 5, 2, 4, 5, 2, 1, 1, 4, 2, 3513324
1996 The Closed World (Paul N. Edwards) 7, 5, 7, 2, 6, 7, 1, 1, 2, 2, 6, 214162846
1997 The Journal of the Learning Sciences 6(4)11, 8, 5, 15, 1, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2, 56605654
2001 local  Oversold and Underused (Larry Cuban) 11, 3, 15, 1, 4, 9, 1, 6, 3, 6, 2, 575751749
2002  local web  Unlocking the Clubhouse (Jane Margolis, Allan Fisher) 7, 12, 4, 19, 1, 4, 7, 7, 3, 4, 6, 353293495
2005 local  Reassembling the Social (Bruno Latour) 9, 4, 16, 1, 6, 16, 1, 6, 1, 3, 4, 337213723
2005 local  The Digital Sublime (Vincent Mosco) 1, 6, 5, 10, 1, 5, 9, 2, 1, 3, 2, 27142564
2006  local  ANThology (Andrea Belliger, David Krieger) 11, 4, 14, 3, 6, 7, 2, 4, 3, 4, 7, 25210021326
2006  local web  Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture (Henry Jenkins, Katie Clinton, Ravi Purushotma, Alice J. Robison, Margaret Weigel) 11, 8, 10, 1, 12, 6, 1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 3753331963
2008 local web  Living and Learning with New Media (Mizuko Ito, Heather Horst, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Becky Herr-Stephenson, Patricia G. Lange, C.J. Pascoe, Laura Robinson) 7, 3, 12, 1, 1, 5, 2, 4, 1, 3, 4, 43414548
2010 local  Hackers (Steven Levy) 5, 2, 4, 9, 7, 6, 9, 1, 4, 4, 1, 51245326
2010  local web  Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out (Mizuko Ito, Sonja Baumer, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Rachel Cody, Becky Herr-Stephenson, Heather Horst, Patricia G. Lange, Dilan Mahendran, Katynka Z. Martínez, C.J. Pascoe, Dan Perkel, Laura Robinson, Christo Sims, Lisa Tripp) 5, 11, 3, 20, 1, 7, 11, 2, 4, 4, 4, 327353910
2011 local  Divining a Digital Future (Paul Dourish, Genevieve Bell) 1, 2, 1, 4, 23, 1, 3, 8, 1, 2, 2, 55105309
2013   FabLab (Julia Walter-Herrmann, Corinne Büching) 13, 5, 25, 1, 7, 8, 2, 3, 1, 9, 11, 21762593
2013 SIGCSE 2013 (Tracy Camp, Paul T. Tymann, J. D. Dougherty, Kris Nagel) 5, 9, 8, 6, 1, 3, 6, 1, 1, 7, 3, 1386191455
2013 local web  A travelogue of 100 laptops (Lars Bo Andersen) 2, 1, 4, 1, 8, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2142224
2017 local  Disruptive Fixation (Christo Sims) 3, 2, 6, 2, 10, 1, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 34503274
2017  local  Lifelong Kindergarten (Mitchel Resnick) 12, 3, 12, 1, 2, 7, 1, 5, 5, 7, 4, 527745909
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Texte
Jahr  Umschlag Titel Abrufe IBOBKBLB
1984 local web  On the cognitive effects of learning computer programming (Roy Pea, D. Midian Kurland) 7, 12, 1, 11, 1, 4, 9, 2, 1, 9, 1, 635156537
1984 local web  Logo Programming and the Development of Planning Skills (Roy Pea, D. Midian Kurland) 1, 11, 3, 12, 1, 4, 3, 2, 2, 8, 2, 66146537
1987 local web  Computer Criticism vs. Technocentric Thinking (Seymour Papert) 1, 1, 12, 10, 3, 2, 4, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3973364
1989 local web  Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning (John Seely Brown, Allan Collins, P. Duguid) 2, 10, 2, 11, 1, 11, 1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 2711121736
1991 local  Techno-economic networks and irreversibility (Michel Callon) 1, 19, 3, 10, 1, 2, 9, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4444441
1997 local  Logo-as-Latin Redux (Timothy D. Koschmann) 12, 6, 13, 1, 7, 10, 1, 4, 2, 4, 4, 54295541
2009 local web  Scratch: Programming for All (Mitchel Resnick, John Maloney, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Natalie Rusk, Evelyn Eastmond, Karen Brennan, Amon Millner, Eric Rosenbaum, Jay Silver, Brian Silverman, Yasmin B. Kafai) 14, 5, 12, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 3, 5, 2, 385283963
2009 local web  Monitoreo y evaluación educativa del Plan Ceibal (Ignacio Salamano, Pablo Pagés, Analí Baraibar, Helena Ferro, Laura Pérez, Martín Pérez) 1, 2, 1, 4, 2, 5, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2232304
2010 local web  New Technology and Digital Worlds4, 1, 2, 2, 5, 8, 21323224
2013 local web  Unlocking the clubhouse (Jane Margolis) 1400
2014 local web  Steve Jobs Was a Low-Tech Parent (Nick Bilton) 1, 7, 5, 9, 2, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 4, 7857259

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Oversold and Underused

Computers in the Classroom

(Larry Cuban) (2001) local 

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Titel   Format Bez. Aufl. Jahr ISBN          
The Charisma Machine E - - 0 0262537443 Swissbib Worldcat Bestellen bei Amazon.de Buy it now!

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Beat hat dieses Buch während seiner Zeit am Institut für Medien und Schule (IMS) ins Biblionetz aufgenommen. Beat besitzt kein physisches, aber ein digitales Exemplar. (das er aber aus Urheberrechtsgründen nicht einfach weitergeben darf). Aufgrund der vielen Verknüpfungen im Biblionetz scheint er sich intensiver damit befasst zu haben. Es gibt bisher nur wenige Objekte im Biblionetz, die dieses Werk zitieren.

iconBiblionetz-History Dies ist eine graphische Darstellung, wann wie viele Verweise von und zu diesem Objekt ins Biblionetz eingetragen wurden und wie oft die Seite abgerufen wurde.