Hedy

A Gradual Language for Programming Education

Felienne Hermans

Publikationsdatum: 07.08.2020

Zu finden in: ICER 2020 (Seite 259 bis 270), 2020

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Zusammenfassungen

One of the aspects of programming that learners often struggle with is the syntax of programming languages: remembering the right commands to use and combining those into a working program. Prior research demonstrated that students submit source code with syntax errors in 73% of cases and even the best students do so in 50% of cases. An analysis of 37 million compilations by 250.000 students found that the most common error was a syntax error, which occurred in almost 800.000 compilations. It was also found that Java and Perl are not easier to understand than a programming language with randomly generated keywords, stressing the difficulties that novices face in understanding syntax.

This paper presents Hedy: a new way of teaching the syntax of a programming language to novices, inspired by educational methods by which punctuation is taught to children. Hedy starts as a simple programming language without any syntactic elements such as brackets, colons or indentation. The rules slowly and gradually change until the novices are programming in Python. Hedy is evaluated on 9714 programs.

Von Felienne Hermans im Konferenz-Band ICER 2020 im Text Hedy (2020)

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Personen
KB IB clear

Amjad AlTadmri , Erik Barendsen , Theresa Beaubouef , Karen Brennan , John Seely Brown , Neil C. C. Brown , Robert Bruce Findler , Peter Brusilovsky , Eduardo Calabrese , Allan Collins , Paul Denny , P. Duguid , Evelyn Eastmond , Richard J. Enbody , Matthias Felleisen , Matthew Flatt , Natasa Grgurina , Jacob Hendrickx , Felienne Hermans , Nathan R. Holbert , Jozef Hvorecky , Yasmin B. Kafai , Tobias Kohn , Anatoly Kouchnirenko , Shriram Krishnamurthi , Raymond Lister , Andrew Luxton-Reilly , John Maloney , Linda Mannila , John Mason , Philip Miller , Amon Millner , Andrés Monroy-Hernández , Seymour Papert , Mia Peltomäki , William F. Punch , Mitchel Resnick , Eric Roberts , Eric Rosenbaum , Natalie Rusk , Tapio Salakoski , Carsten Schulte , Jay Silver , Brian Silverman , Alaaeddin Swidan , Ewan D. Tempero , Jos Tolboom , Byron Weber Becker , David Weintrop

Begriffe
KB IB clear

Code ,

Kinder

children , Pencilcode ,

Programmieren

programming , Programmiersprachen programming languages

Bücher

Jahr	Titel	Abrufe	IB	OB	KB	LB
1982	Mindstorms (Seymour Papert)	4, 5, 3, 8, 13, 8, 11, 19, 6, 5, 4, 7	332	47	7	5855
2001	SIGCSE 2001 (Henry MacKay Walker, Renée McCauley, Judith L. Gersting, Ingrid Russell)	2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 2, 2, 9, 7, 3, 1, 2	6	245	2	350
2004	Computer Science Education 1/2004	1, 6, 6, 1, 1, 5, 3, 2, 7, 7, 1, 1	3	14	1	409
2006	Computer Science Education 3/2006	1, 2, 10, 2, 1, 1, 6, 2, 3, 7, 8, 1	8	17	1	410
2008	ICER 2008 (Michael E. Caspersen, Raymond Lister, Mike Clancy)	4, 12, 1, 4, 1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 2, 2	54	45	2	470
2009	SIGCSE 2010 (Gary Lewandowski, Steven A. Wolfman, Thomas J. Cortina, Ellen Lowenfeld Walker)	4, 4, 1, 3, 2, 5, 4, 3, 8, 13, 1, 2	35	361	1	454
2011	ITiCSE 2011 (Guido Rößling, Thomas L. Naps, Christian Spannagel)	2, 2, 3, 5, 3, 6, 7, 9, 2, 4, 5, 4	63	318	4	2924
2014	ICER 2014 (Quintin I. Cutts, Beth Simon, Brian Dorn)	3, 6, 2, 1, 7, 3, 4, 8, 10, 3, 1, 6	42	167	6	627
2015	SIGCSE 2015 (Adrienne Decker, Kurt Eiselt, Carl Alphonce, Jodi Tims)	18, 16, 13, 16, 17, 6, 6, 7, 4, 1, 1, 5	48	927	3	198
2016	Proceedings of the 11th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education (WiPSCE 2016) (Jan Vahrenhold, Erik Barendsen)	6, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 6, 11, 3, 2, 1	37	150	1	539
2016	Informatics in Schools: Improvement of Informatics Knowledge and Perception (Andrej Brodnik, Françoise Tort)	1, 4, 2, 4, 1, 5, 1, 4, 5, 17, 6, 1	35	130	1	446
2017	Teaching Python Programming to Novices (Tobias Kohn)	3, 7, 2, 3, 4, 2, 7, 5, 4, 1, 1, 1	5	21	1	395
2017	SIGCSE 2017 (Michael E. Caspersen, Stephen H. Edwards, Tiffany Barnes, Daniel D. Garcia)	4, 1, 3, 5, 3, 5, 11, 10, 2, 2, 4, 4	38	708	4	563
2019	SIGCSE 2019 (Elizabeth K. Hawthorne, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones, Sarah Heckman, Jian Zhang 0036)	3, 4, 4, 1, 5, 4, 1, 8, 6, 7, 1, 1	36	248	1	629

Texte

Jahr	Titel	Abrufe	IB	OB	KB	LB
1989	Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning (John Seely Brown, Allan Collins, P. Duguid)	1, 1, 1, 11, 1, 2, 11, 15, 1, 2, 1, 6	71	11	6	1772
1997	Mini-languages (Peter Brusilovsky, Eduardo Calabrese, Jozef Hvorecky, Anatoly Kouchnirenko, Philip Miller)	1, 6, 13, 3, 4, 2, 5, 4, 6, 7, 6, 4	12	13	4	707
2001	Teaching CS1 with karel the robot in Java (Byron Weber Becker)		1	4	0	0
2001	An overview of MiniJava (Eric Roberts)		1	5	0	0
2004	The TeachScheme! Project (Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, Shriram Krishnamurthi)		2	1	0	0
2005	Why the High Attrition Rate for Computer Science Students (Theresa Beaubouef, John Mason)	1, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 7, 1, 8, 2, 2, 1	8	8	1	377
2006	What about a simple language? (Linda Mannila, Mia Peltomäki, Tapio Salakoski)	3, 7, 1, 3, 1, 5, 4, 2, 7, 6, 1, 1	3	10	1	65
2008	Block Model (Carsten Schulte)	1, 2, 7, 2, 2, 4, 3, 4, 7, 5, 2, 2	9	1	2	194
2009	Scratch: Programming for All (Mitchel Resnick, John Maloney, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Natalie Rusk, Evelyn Eastmond, Karen Brennan, Amon Millner, Eric Rosenbaum, Jay Silver, Brian Silverman, Yasmin B. Kafai)	1, 1, 3, 5, 2, 3, 6, 30, 2, 2, 1, 6	87	28	6	1010
2010	Performance of python CS1 students in mid-level non-python CS courses (Richard J. Enbody, William F. Punch)		1	5	0	0
2011	Understanding the syntax barrier for novices (Paul Denny, Andrew Luxton-Reilly, Ewan D. Tempero, Jacob Hendrickx)		8	2	0	0
2014	Investigating novice programming mistakes (Neil C. C. Brown, Amjad AlTadmri)	1, 1, 6, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 8, 6, 3	12	4	3	264
2015	37 Million Compilations (Amjad AlTadmri, Neil C. C. Brown)		11	4	0	0
2016	Toward a Developmental Epistemology of Computer Programming (Raymond Lister)		5	5	0	0
2016	A New Informatics Curriculum for Secondary Education in The Netherlands (Erik Barendsen, Natasa Grgurina, Jos Tolboom)	2, 3, 1, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 5, 3	8	6	3	171
2017	From Blocks to Text and Back (David Weintrop, Nathan R. Holbert)	5, 1, 4, 4, 2, 6, 1, 8, 10, 1, 2, 3	4	17	3	314
2019	The Effect of Reading Code Aloud on Comprehension (Alaaeddin Swidan, Felienne Hermans)	12, 1, 5, 9, 3, 2, 8, 5, 2, 8, 4, 6	2	18	6	234
2019	The Error Behind The Message (Tobias Kohn)		2	2	0	0

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