Active-Constructive-InteractiveA Conceptual Framework for Differentiating Learning Activities
Michelene T. H. Chi
Publikationsdatum:
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Abstracts
ctive, constructive,andinteractiveare terms that are commonly used in the cognitive and learn-ing sciences. They describe activities that can be undertaken by learners. However, the literature isactually not explicit about how these terms can be defined; whether they are distinct; and whetherthey refer to overt manifestations, learning processes, or learning outcomes. Thus, a framework isprovided here that offers a way to differentiateactive, constructive,andinteractivein terms of obser-vable overt activities and underlying learning processes. The framework generates a testable hypo-thesis for learning: thatinteractiveactivities are most likely to be better thanconstructiveactivities,which in turn might be better thanactiveactivities, which are better than beingpassive.Studies fromthe literature are cited to provide evidence in support of this hypothesis. Moreover, postulating under-lying learning processes allows us to interpret evidence in the literature more accurately. Specifyingdistinct overt activities foractive, constructive, andinteractivealso offers suggestions for how learn-ing activities can be coded and how each kind of activity might be elicited
From Michelene T. H. Chi in the text Active-Constructive-Interactive (2009)
Comments
Although a preliminary version of this framework has been
presented in the literature (Chi, 2009), this article expands
the framework by explicating the underlying assumptions
more concretely and fully and by clarifying the knowledgechange
processes and the associated changes in knowledge
for each category of activities.
From Michelene T. H. Chi, Ruth Wylie in the text The ICAP Framework (2014)
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