The places we live in are crucial for our well-being and health. In this chapter, we present a brief review of theories and research on the relationship between the physical environment and human well-being, focusing in particular on the concept of positive environments. Positive environments have been defined as physical settings that bring about positive outcomes to the individuals and communities, but also demand a certain degree of care, attention and appropriation from their users. Positive environments, and their relation to human well-being across the life span, can also be analysed through the concept of restorative environments, as suggested by theories and empirical findings outlining the cognitive and affective benefits of interacting with nature in daily life settings. These concepts can also help to improve interventions promoting quality of life, environmental sustainability and socio-ecological resilience.